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Effects of Grape Cell Culture Extracts on Human Topoisomerase II Catalytic Activity and Characterization of Active Fractions

J. Agric. Food Chem., 53 (7), 2489 -2498, 2005. 10.1021
/jf048524w S0021-8561(04)08524-3
Web Release Date: March 1, 2005
Copyright © 2005 American Chemical Society

Jeong-Youn Jo, Elvira Gonzalez de Mejia, and Mary Ann Lila*

Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1201 South Dorner Drive, and Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1201 West Gregory Drive, Urbana, Illinois 61801

Received for review September 4, 2004. Revised manuscript received January 25, 2005. Accepted January 26, 2005. This work was supported by the NIH NCCAM (National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine) sponsored by Purdue-UAB Botanical Center for Age-Related Diseases (P50 AT-00477). The Q-TOF Ultima mass spectrometer was purchased in part with a grant from the National Science Foundation, Division of Biological Infrastructure (DBI- 0100085). J.-Y.J. was supported in part through a Eugene Boerner Fellowship in the Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois.

Abstract:

Grape and its cell culture extracts are rich in flavonoids and stilbenes that are biologically active. The objective of this study was to evaluate possible inhibitory effects of grape (a Vitis hybrid Bailey Alicant A) cell culture extract and subfractions on human DNA topoisomerase II catalytic activity and to characterize constituents in the most potent fractions. At 5 g/mL, grape cell crude extract and Toyopearl (TP) fractions 2-6 provided significantly greater inhibition of topoisomerase II catalytic activity than quercetin, a chemopreventive agent previously known as a topoisomerase catalytic inhibitor. The most potent topoisomerase II catalytic inhibitors from grape cell culture extracts in descending order of potency were TP fractions 4 and 6 (IC50 = 0.28-0.29 g/mL), TP-3 (IC50 = 0.74 g/mL), and crude extract (IC50 = 1.02 g/mL); each was significantly more potent than resveratrol (IC50 = 18.0 g/mL), another well-known chemopreventive topoisomerase II catalytic inhibitor. Using both high-performance liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, constituents in TP-4 and TP-6 were characterized. These constituents included cyanidin-3,5-diglucoside, malvidin-3-acetylglucoside, peonidin-3-coumaryl-5-diglucoside, procyanidin B1, procyanidin B2, procyanidin B5, procyanidin dimer digallate, procyanidin C1, myricetin, and rutin, none of which have been previously characterized from grape cell cultures. The significant potency especially of TP-4 and TP-6 from grape cell cultures suggests that these fractions may have potential as chemopreventive agents.

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