Resveratrolnews.com
A non-commercial blog on resveratrol & associated polyphenols.
On the web since 2003. Editor: Gerry Gawne

 


What is Resveratrol
and what can it do?
   
It's a molecule so tiny it penetrates the wall of almost any cell in an organism.  It continues into the cell nucleus, to the cell's genetic machinery. There, resveratrol selectively switches on genes that aid the survival of an organism, like the Sirtuin 1 DNA-repair gene. Using gene silencing, it switches off genes involved in the initiation and progression of disease, blocking replication of bacteria, viruses, fungi and tumor cells.
Extends life - by influencing gene functions, resveratrol has been shown to extend the life of yeast cells, fruit flies, round- worms, fish and even over-fed laboratory mice.  New studies show it slows the onset of virtually all of the aging diseases: heart, arthritis, cancers, and Alzheimer's. Other new discoveries show it does still more -- repairs alcohol -damaged livers, slows bone loss (osteoporosis), boosts endurance, promotes hair growth, and re-energizes cells. 

 

Who found resveratrol?

Leroy Creasy, professor of pomology at Cornell discovered resveratrol in 1992. Excitement for this molecule boomed in 1997 when a team led by Professor John Pezzuto , (right) (University of Illinois), reported resveratrol inhibited the onset and progression of cancer in mice like no other molecule.   Comparing resveratrol to 19,0000 other substances, he said - "Resveratrol is by far the most promising against cancer.  

Who discovered resveratrol's ability to extend life-spans?

MIT researchers discovered a gene, Sirtuin 1, which controls the rate of aging.  This gene is switched on by caloric restriction.  In 2003, Harvard scientist David Sinclair and team discovered trans resveratrol also switches on the Sirtuin 1 gene, thus mimicking calorie restriction.

 Sinclair was first to show a living organism, yeast cells, lives far longer when given resveratrol. He later showed resveratrol’s ability to promote quality of life Resveratrol may soon become the most prized molecule on our planet. 



Sinclair Team Photo

NEW: MONDAY JULY 7th 2008: RESVERATROL SUPPRESSES BREAST CANCERS:
 
New, early laboratory research has shown that resveratrol, a common dietary supplement, suppresses the abnormal cell formation that leads to most types of breast cancer, suggesting a potential role for the agent in breast cancer prevention. Resveratrol is a natural substance found in red wine and red grapes. It is sold in extract form as a dietary supplement at most major drug stores.
 
"Resveratrol has the ability to prevent the first step that occurs when estrogen starts the process that leads to cancer by blocking the formation of the estrogen DNA adducts. We believe that this could stop the whole progression that leads to breast cancer down the road," said Eleanor G. Rogan, Ph.D., a professor in the Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases at the University of Nebraska Medical Center.

Rogan was the lead author of the report that was published in the July 2008 issue of Cancer Prevention Research, a journal of the American Association for Cancer Research.  For the current study, Rogan and colleagues measured the effect of resveratrol on cellular functions known to contribute to breast cancer.

The formation of breast cancer is a multi-step process which differs depending on type of disease, a patient's genetic makeup and other factors. However, scientists know that many breast cancers are fueled by increased estrogen, which collects and reacts with DNA molecules to form adducts. Rogan and colleagues found that resveratrol was able to suppress the formation of these DNA adducts.

 

This is dramatic because it was able to be done with fairly low concentrations of resveratrol to stop the formation of these DNA adducts in the cells we studied," said Rogan. Although researchers experimented with up to 100 µmol/L of resveratrol, the suppression of DNA adducts was seen with 10 µmol/L. A glass of red wine contains between 9 and 28 µmol/L of resveratrol.

The researchers also found that resveratrol suppressed the expression of CYP1B1 and the formation of 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, two known risk factors for breast cancer.


Rogan said resveratrol works by inducing an enzyme called quinone reductase, which reduces the estrogen metabolite back to inactive form. By making estrogen inactive, resveratrol decreases the associated risk. The current study was conducted in laboratory cultures, and will need to be confirmed in larger human trials, Rogan said. 
Source: American Association for Cancer Research
MORE BREAKING NEWS

For the first time researchers show reversal of an aging marker in the human retina correlated with visual improvement using a nutriceutical matrix (Longevinex®)

Seattle (June 27, 2008)- Using a high-output camera to film the back of the human eye, for the first time researchers have shown that a nutraceutical matrix can effectively remove cellular debris from the human eye that accumulates with advancing age and correlated this with significant improvement in visual acuity and night vision in an 80-year old man. 

 The accumulation of cellular debris in the retina is believed to be the first sign of age-related macular degeneration, an eye disease that robs senior adults of their central vision used for reading or driving, for which there is no cure.

Dr. Stuart Richer OD, PhD, Chief, Optometry Section at the Veterans Medical Center in North Chicago, speaking at the 111th annual American Academy of Optometry meeting in Seattle, says this may be the first time an intervention has been shown to reverse aging changes in the retina.

The patient, an 80-year-old male, came to the eye clinic complaining of loss of night vision. Commonly prescribed nutriceuticals, such as lutein, vitamin E and fish oil were employed with no positive result.

After 5 months on the dietary supplement regimen, five measurable parameters of vision improved to varying but significant degrees including night (contrast) vision, visual acuity, color and side vision. Upon testing, it was also found the patient's mental capacity had improved. The patient said, "My night vision and thinking have gotten much better."

The underlying cause

A broad body of evidence exists to assert the claim that the human eye and all other organs "rust and calcify" with advancing age. Dr. Richer prescribed a nutraceutical matrix (Longevinex® -pronounced long-jev-in-ex) designed to remove excess minerals by a process called chelation (key-lay-shun), particularly calcium, iron and copper, that build up in retinal tissues over time.

About lipofuscin

Dr. Richer explains that the retina of the eye begins to show signs of retinal aging, usually beginning in the third decade of life, with the progressive accumulation of lipofuscin, the medical term for cellular "garbage" that pollutes cells as they age. Researchers believe lipofuscin is not an innocent bystander – that it generates free radicals, gene mutations and even cell death.

Molecular medicine

The use of natural iron-chelating polyphenolic molecules, such as resveratrol, quercetin and rice bran employed in this case, has been proposed as an intervention that addresses a wide range of age-related diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, cardiovascular and immune compromised disease. These molecules work by their mineral chelating (key-lay-ting) properties.

Older patients can't wait for a cure

Dr. Richer says this case may serve as an early example of the potential for molecular medicine to make an impact in eye care. "While only one case, these patients do not have time to wait for controlled long-term studies and 'best available evidence' needs to be employed, given there are no foreseeable side effects or undue cost."

While Dr. Richer says this is not a proven cure yet, he thinks modern medicine may soon be able to prevent the onset of age-related retinal disease decades before vision is lost.

Macular degeneration: the numbers

Macular degeneration of the human eye is prevalent among senior Americans. About two-thirds of the 37 million senior adults in the U.S. exhibit signs of the retinal disease and about 9% of these subjects (~2.5 million) will eventually lose some central vision. Patients with macular degeneration do not go completely blind as they generally retain their side vision. Only their central vision for reading and driving is impaired.

The future

If this paper foretells what is to come, at-risk adults may soon be able to obtain a non-invasive retinal/lipofuscin assessment many decades prior to the development of macular degeneration and even determine which therapies may exert a preventive or reversing effect.

Furthermore, it becomes evident that by measuring lipofuscin deposits, that not only the biological age of the human eye can be assessed apart from its chronological (calendar) age, but that such measurement may serve to help determine the biological age and the "speed of aging" of an individual. Lipofuscin accumulates in all tissues of the body with advancing age. System-wide age-reversing effects could also be estimated in this non-invasive manner. With this discovery optometry offices may soon become anti-aging centers.

This case presentation is scheduled to be published later in the year (2008) in Optometry-Journal of the American Optometric Association. Dr. Richer has no financial interest in the product. Resveratrol Partners LLC, makers of patent-pending Longevinex®, provided the nutriceuticals for this patient.  www.longevinex.com

Story #2:

BREAKING NEWS June 4/2008:

Resveratrol: Thousands of Bottles of Wine,
High-Dose Pills Not Required;
Mega-doses May Induce Side Effects

 

Dynamic Dosing Of Resveratrol Recommended For Optimal Health

 

San Dimas, CA (June 4, 2008)- While an earlier published rodent study showed that ultra-high doses of resveratrol (1565 milligram human dose), equivalent to 1500 bottles of wine or many dietary supplement capsules, successfully overcame the adverse effects of a high-fat diet, the lowest dose that genetically mimics a calorie restricted diet went undetermined, till now. 

 

Now an authoritative gene array study, conducted by researchers at the William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital and Lifegen Technologies in Madison, Wisconsin, shows that a dose of resveratrol (rez-vair-aw-trawl) ~343 milligrams per day (4.9 mg per kilogram of body weight) produces a gene activation profile similar to a calorie restricted diet.  Supra-high doses (greater than 500 milligrams) are not required and may produce side effects.  [PLOS1, June 2008 available online http://www.plosone.org/home.action ]

 

Both calorie restriction and resveratrol have been shown to prolong the life of all life forms, ranging from single-cell organisms (yeast cells) to more complex forms of life (fruit flies, roundworms) and warm-blooded mammals (laboratory rats).    

 

Consumers never heard that a far lower human equivalent dose than 1565 milligrams (~360 milligrams) was employed with undisclosed success in a landmark rodent study published in 2006.  The lower-dose data were never published.  [Resveratrol improves health and survival of mice on a high-calorie diet.  Nature 2006 Nov 16; 444: 337-42]

 

Drawbacks of supra-high doses

 

Once mega-doses of resveratrol (more than 500 mg) began to be employed, side effects like anemia, Achilles heel tendonitis, anxiety reactions, numbness in the fingers, began to be reported,” says Bill Sardi, spokesperson for Longevinex® (long-jev-in-ex), a leading brand resveratrol dietary supplement.  “This is probably because resveratrol is a copper chelator and excessive chelation will impair the availability of copper which is needed for collagen formation and nerve regeneration,” he says.   “Resveratrol is relatively safe, but not absolutely safe at any dosage.  There are drawbacks,” he adds.

 

Some online suppliers of resveratrol pills, who have no medical training, irresponsibly recommend up to 7000 milligrams of resveratrol a day.  There is also evidence that supra-high dose resveratrol inhibits the absorption of folic acid (vitamin B9), an essential nutrient needed for DNA repair.  [European Journal Nutrition 46: 329-36, 2007] High doses have not been tested in humans for long-term use. 

Advertising claims by resveratrol supplement makers that their pills exert greater stimulation of the Sirtuin 1 DNA-repair gene should also be regarded with caution since an animal study shows over-stimulation (greater than 7.5 fold) of this gene induces heart failure in animals. [Circulation Research 2007; 100: 1512-21] 

Not just resveratrol

 

The health and longevity benefits of red wine are not easily explained by the low dose of resveratrol provided in a glass of wine, but are more easily explained by the total milligrams of polyphenolic molecules (resveratrol, quercetin, catechin, kaempferol, ferulic acid), about 60 milligrams per glass of aged red wine, says Sardi.  The healthy range for red wine drinking is 3 to 5 glasses, or about 180 to 300 milligrams of polyphenols.  Dietary supplements should provide about the same dosage range.  Mega-doses are not required and may be problematic.

 

Red wine is a fermented concentrate of grape skin which provides an array of beneficial molecules which magnify its effect, says Sardi.  A resveratrol-based nutraceutical matrix that closely mimics the effect of red wine without the alcohol, calories and preservatives is what Longevinex® is.

 

Factors that determine safe dosage

 

Age, gender, diet and iron stores determine the resveratrol dosage required for optimal health.  Red wine resveratrol pills are not appropriate for growing children or menstruating females, who have higher demand for minerals.  However, Sardi explains that some consumers may benefit from a higher loading dose and a lower long-term maintenance dose.

 

Consumers need to recognize the health benefits of resveratrol and related molecules emanate from their mineral chelating (removal) properties, which then influence the genome, says Sardi.  [BMC Genomics 8: 379, 2007; Biochmica Biophysica Acta 1619: 113-24, 2003]  Middle-aged males and postmenopausal females have accumulated stores of excess iron and calcium which can be removed by natural mineral chelators, like those provided in Longevinex®.

 

“A middle-aged male will typically have a higher load of stored iron and calcium and may benefit from a higher loading dose of mineral chelators, to speed along their removal, followed by a lower dose for long-term maintenance,” says Sardi.  He also suggests a relatively low iron and calcium diet to accompany a dietary supplement regimen intended to produce longevity.  Humans live longer in countries where calcium and iron intake are low, such as Japan, he says.

 

When does aging begin?

 

Sardi explains a theory of why molecules like resveratrol slow the aging process.  He says human aging begins only after full childhood growth is achieved.  Until then, there are no observable aging changes in living cells.  But once childhood growth ceases, iron, copper and calcium, which were directed towards building new bone and red blood cells, now begin to slowly accumulate, progressively “rusting and calcifying” cells and tissues. 

 

Sardi says males universally age faster and have shorter life spans because they do not have inborn mechanisms to control the accumulation of iron and calcium as do menstruating females.  By age 40 a male will have twice the iron and calcium load as an equally-aged female and experience double the rate of diabetes, cancer and heart disease. 

 

Longevinex® uniquely provides a unique matrix of nutraceuticals which both directly and indirectly control iron and calcium utilization in the human body. 

 

Longevinex’ applied-for-patent (file # United States Patent Office 20050158376, filed Oct. 25, 2004) describes a nutraceutical matrix designed to enhance the absorption, bioavailability, and molecular stability of resveratrol in a manner similar to a proprietary resveratrol drug now undergoing human clinical investigation. 

=end=

 



LATEST: Scientists decode grapevine genome

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OF NEWEST RESVERATROL
ARTICLES & PAPERS


Grape Skin
to Human Skin


Who knew the next promising skin-care development would come from the bottom of a wine cask?

Resveratrol Works
In The Brain with Metal
Chelating Effects

REPORT:
List of Biological
actions of Resveratrol

Resver-what?
 If you're a newbie about this amazing compound called resveratrol, welcome to our newcomers section below

NEWCOMERS ARTICLE:
RESVERATROL 101:
The complete transcript of the PBS interviews with discoverers David Sinclair and Stephen Elfand

NEWCOMERS ARTICLE:
RED WINE COMPOUND
MAY EXTEND LIFE

(Good introduction to resveratrol) Reuters - July, 2004

NEWCOMERS ARTICLE:
PBS-TV REPORT
How resveratrol and similar polyphenols are changing medicine and life. And possibly, the length of our lifetimes.
 

NEWCOMERS ARTICLE:
RESVERATROL INHIBITED GROWTH / INDUCED DEATH IN OVARIAN CANCER CELLS

NEWCOMERS ARTICLE:
RESVERATROL &
ALZHEIMERS - REPORT

NEWCOMERS ARTICLE:
RESEARCHERS DISCOVER THE FIRST COMPOUNDS THAT SLOW AGING ACROSS SPECIES

TEST PAGE

The Resveratrol Users Group is asking every Resveratrol Manufacturer to regularly provide their resveratrol product to
an independent, outside Lab for verification of dosage amount, bioavailability and estimate of
shelf life. And to publish the results on the Web. (Their Lab cost? Less than $400.)

Editor Gerald Gawne     admin@resveratrolnews.com   Copyright ©2007 Resveratrolnews.com

Articles, arguments & opinions, papers, thoughts, all welcome.
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admin@resveratrolnews.com
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(c)  COPYRIGHT, RESVERATROLNEWS, 2008

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